1 Kings 1:52

Authorized King James Version

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And Solomon said, If he will shew himself a worthy man, there shall not an hair of him fall to the earth: but if wickedness shall be found in him, he shall die.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר said H559
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 15
to say (used with great latitude)
שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה And Solomon H8010
שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה And Solomon
Strong's: H8010
Word #: 2 of 15
shelomah, david's successor
אִ֚ם H518
אִ֚ם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 3 of 15
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
יִֽהְיֶ֣ה H1961
יִֽהְיֶ֣ה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 4 of 15
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
לְבֶן man H1121
לְבֶן man
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 5 of 15
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
חַ֔יִל If he will shew himself a worthy H2428
חַ֔יִל If he will shew himself a worthy
Strong's: H2428
Word #: 6 of 15
probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength
לֹֽא H3808
לֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 7 of 15
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
יִפֹּ֥ל of him fall H5307
יִפֹּ֥ל of him fall
Strong's: H5307
Word #: 8 of 15
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
מִשַּֽׂעֲרָת֖וֹ there shall not an hair H8185
מִשַּֽׂעֲרָת֖וֹ there shall not an hair
Strong's: H8185
Word #: 9 of 15
hairiness
אָ֑רְצָה to the earth H776
אָ֑רְצָה to the earth
Strong's: H776
Word #: 10 of 15
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
וְאִם H518
וְאִם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 11 of 15
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
רָעָ֥ה but if wickedness H7451
רָעָ֥ה but if wickedness
Strong's: H7451
Word #: 12 of 15
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
תִמָּֽצֵא shall be found H4672
תִמָּֽצֵא shall be found
Strong's: H4672
Word #: 13 of 15
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
ב֖וֹ H0
ב֖וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 14 of 15
וָמֵֽת׃ in him he shall die H4191
וָמֵֽת׃ in him he shall die
Strong's: H4191
Word #: 15 of 15
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

Analysis & Commentary

And Solomon said, If he will shew himself a worthy man, there shall not an hair of him fall to the earth: but if wickedness shall be found in him, he shall die.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of solomon's accession and adonijah's rebellion, within the book's focus on succession narrative and establishment of Solomon's reign.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. This passage describes events around 970 BCE during the transition from David to Solomon.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Questions for Reflection

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